Research is systematic study designed to add to or verify existing knowledge. It is different from practice theory in that it relies on standardized, formal procedures in the search for new knowledge. Standardized means the use of systematic and orderly procedures for collecting data, that the procedures are described in detail, and that the procedures can be replicated by others.

Research steps include:

1. Problem formulation is the process by which researchers develop a precise statement that can be operationalized. The problem formulation must be stated in way that ultimately lends itself to measurement. The research problem is connected through a literature search to other related problems and knowledge, i.e. research is cumulative.

2. Development of questions or hypotheses for study includes the development of conceptual frameworks and operational concepts.

3. Selection of a study design to guide the collection of data. Selection of a study design incorporates many concerns:
a. The research resources available
b. The level of certainty needed by the consumers of the research
c. Whether human subjects are involved
d. The time available
e. Research cannot lead to harming clients
f. Denial of an intervention may constitute harm
g. Informed consent
h. Confidentiality

4. Methodology which includes selecting measurement techniques to be used, the setting where the research is to be conducted, and the population or group to be studied.